A practical guide to the cultivation of aubergine

Eggplant (Solanum melongena) is an annual seasonal vegetable. Besides India, Indonesia is believed to be the origin of eggplant. This plant is often found growing wild in our forests. However, today the eggplants are grown extensively in different parts of the world.

There are many kinds of eggplant grown in Indonesia, ranging from local eggplant like eggplant, eggplant kopek, eggplant bogor, eggplant to imported eggplant like Japanese eggplant. The shape and color of the eggplant fruit is quite varied there are white, green to purple. There is also a round shape, large oval, until oval with a pointed tip.

The ideal soil condition for eggplant cultivation is sandy clay soil with a pH range of 6.5-7. Eggplant produces maximum in the temperature range 22-30oC. This plant needs enough sunlight, therefore it is suitable to be planted during the dry season.

Eggplant is still a family with chillies, tomatoes and potatoes. Pests and diseases that usually attack these plants can also disrupt the cultivation of eggplant. Therefore, in the rotation of plants, try not with these plants.

Seedling of eggplant

A good seed for eggplant cultivation has the power to grow above 75%. With such seeds, the seed requirement for one hectare reaches 300-500 grams. Before planted in open land, eggplant seed should be first.

The first step is to prepare the seeding seeds first. Create a bed with a width of one meter and 20 cm high. The beds are made from a mixture of soil, husk charcoal and compost with a 1: 1: 1 ratio. Or, please read how to create a nursery media. Then give shade to the bed.

Soak the eggplant seeds in warm water for 10-15 minutes, then wrap the seeds with a damp cloth and let stand for 24 hours. Make a groove 5-10 cm above the bed to spread the seed. Then spread the seeds and cover with a thin ground. After that, cover the bed with banana leaves or wet sack. Flush with water to keep the nursery moisture.

After 2-3 days the sprouts begin to grow into plants, open the leaves of banana or sack. Then flush each day of the plant. After 10-15 days, move the seeds of the plant into banana leaf or small polybag (9x10 cm), one polybag one plant. Fill polybag or with soil and compost, 1: 1 ratio. Please read how to make polybag planting media.

Flush the plants in the polybag every day. After the plants are 1-1.5 months old or have at least 4 leaves, the plant is ready to be moved to open land.

Soil processing and planting

Land for aquaculture is hoisted or plowed with a depth of 30 cm. Clean the soil from weeds and gravel. The shape of a bed with a width of 1 meter height of 30 cm and length adjusted to the shape of the land. Distance between beds 40 cm.

Use organic fertilizer as basic fertilizer, can be compost or manure as much as 15 tons per hectare. Sprinkle over the bed and stir until evenly distributed. Eggplant cultivation requires soil acidity around pH 5-6. If the pH is less than 5 add the lime of agriculture or dolomite of 1-2 tons per hectare a week before planting.

Make a planting hole in a line, one bed with two rows. Spacing between planting holes 60 cm and the distance between lines 70 cm. The width of the hole and the depth is adjusted to the size of the seed poly bag.

Before the seeds are removed, flush the beds with water. Eggplant tends to be less resistant to drought. Move the seeds of one hole plant filled with one seed plant. Be careful in moving the plants, keep the roots of the tombs not broken or damaged.

Treatment of eggplant cultivation

Perform planting after one week. Unplug the plant that looks wilted or unhealthy and its growth is abnormal. Revocation is done along with the media growth. Replace with new seeds.

Additional fertilization is done starting from 2 weeks after the seedlings are planted. For non-organic eggplant cultivation give urea fertilizer with dose 80 kg / ha and KCl 45 Kg / ha. As for organic eggplant cultivation give a compost or manure, each one head or about 0.5 kg per plant.

Repeat the following fertilizer at 5th and 7th weeks after the seedlings are planted. While providing the following fertilizer, weed the weeds contained in the plant beds. Clean also the bushes that are found around the plant area.

Installation of the bamboo pedestal or blades to support the plant is done after the plant is 3 weeks old. Adjunctment of the arena should be 5-7 cm from the base of the stem. Do not let the targeting of injuring the root of the plant. Tie the plant on the rope with rope.

If rain does not rain should be done every three days until the flowering plants. After flowering plants, increase the frequency to two days.

Harvesting of eggplant cultivation

The first harvest of eggplant cultivation business is usually done after 70-80 days since the seedlings are planted. Furthermore, harvesting is done every 3-7 days once. In one planting season, bia reach 13-15 times the harvest, even more.

The right time for harvest is morning and evening. The fruit is picked with the stem, the eggplant fruit is not durable. Therefore it should be marketed once the harvest is complete. Sorting for eggplant cultivation is done based on the size and color of the fruit.

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